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| Florence was one of the first centres of interest and activity in the range of mathematical work that characterised the Renaissance, with its 15th-century interest in the geometry of cartography, surveying and perspective. The trade counterpart to this cultivation of geometry is best represented by the workshop established by Lorenzo della Volpaia in the second half of the century. His descendants kept the workshop active through the 16th century, when others involved in the production of instruments in Florence were Egnatio Danti and Giovanni Battista Giusti. Patronage of the mathematical arts was a characteristic interest of the Medici Dukes of Tuscany.
| | For Florence instruments, see: | | |
 Armillary Sphere, Signed by Antonio Santucci, Florence, Constructed 1588 to 1593 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Astrolabe, Attributed to Giovanni Battista Giusti, Florence, Later 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Astrolabe, Signed by Eufrosino della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1525 (London, BM) |
| Astrolabe, Signed by Egnatio Danti, Florence, circa 1570 (Oxford, MHS) |
| Astronomical Compendium, Unsigned, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Dividers, Signed by Benvenuto della Volpaia, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Horizontal Dial, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1576 (London, BM) |
| Horizontal Dial, Attributed to Camillo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1542 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Horizontal Dial, Signed by Camillo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1542 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Nocturnal And Quadrant, Signed by Eufrosino della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1520 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Nocturnal And Quadrant, Signed by Lorenzo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1511 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Nocturnal And Sundial, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1567 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Nocturnal And Sundial, Attributed to Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Nocturnal And Sundial, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1568 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Polyhedral Dial, Signed by Stefano Buonsignori, Florence, Dated 1587 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Polyhedral Dial, Signed by Stefano Buonsignori, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Polyhedral Dial, Attributed to Stefano Buonsignori, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Polyhedral Dial, Attributed to Stefano Buonsignori, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Polyhedral Dial, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1590 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Polyhedral Dial, Attributed to Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Primum Mobile, Signed by Egnatio Danti, Florence, Dated 1568 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Miniato Pitti, Florence, Dated 1558 (Oxford, MHS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Giovanni Battista Giusti, Florence, Dated 1565 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Giovanni Battista Giusti, Florence, Later 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1570 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Giovanni Battista Giusti, Florence, Dated 1568 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Stefano Buonsignori, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Signed by Camillo della Volpaia, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Quadrant, Attributed to Giovanni Battista Giusti, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Ring Dial, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1566 (Oxford, MHS) |
| Scaphe Dial, Signed by Girolamo della Volpaia, Florence, Dated 1588 (Oxford, MHS) |
| Scaphe Dial, Signed by Stefano Buonsignori, Florence, Dated 1584 (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Triangulation Instrument, Attributed to Baldassarre Lanci, Florence, 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
| Vertical Dial, Unsigned, Florence, Later 16th century (Firenze, IMSS) |
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