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surveying instruments: see surveying instrument.
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surveying quadrant: quadrant used for land surveying, usually for measuring altitude and azimuth.
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surveying rod: an instrument used by surveyors for taking distances and other associated measurements.
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surveying staff: an instrument used in surveying to measure elevations.
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surveying staffs: see surveying staff.
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surveyor's cross: instrument for establishing right-angled lines of sight, by means either of open sights set at the ends of an equal-arm cross or slits in a cylinder.
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surveyor's line: a long string or rope used to measure distances for surveying.
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surveyor's square: another name for a surveyor's cross.
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theodolite: surveying instrument for measuring horizontal angles, and perhaps vertical angles, see article on the theodolite.
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theodolite and sundial: an instrument combining the functions of a sundial and a theodolite.
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throne: part of an astrolabe, connecting the instrument to the suspension shackle, see article on the astrolabe.
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triangulation: surveying technique involving the measurement of a baseline, the location of other stations by taking angles from either end, and perhaps the extension of the survey through the addition of further triangles.
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triangulation instrument: instrument with three jointed arms with scales for surveying or range-finding, see article on the triangulation instrument.
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