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quadragesima: the 40 days of Lent or the first Sunday in Lent.
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quadrans vetus: type of horary quadrant, see article on the quadrant.
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quadrant: instrument based on a quarter of a circle, see article on the quadrant.
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quadratum nauticum: diagram for finding course directions from latitudes and longitudes, see article on the astrolabe.
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quatrefoil: decorative form with four leaves or petals.
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radio latino: instrument for measuring angles in surveying and gunnery, see article on the radio latino.
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ramming rods: long rods, often in wood, intended for use in gunnery and used to push the projectile inside a cannon, or to compress the powder in an arquebus.
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reduction compass: a drafting instrument with two pivoting arms which sits parallel to a drawing surface, held up by its fixed points. The arms have no scales but can be divided at any given position by moveable points.
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Regiomontanus-type dial: design of portable altitude dial adjustable for any latitude.
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rete: skeletal star map representing the rotation of the heavens on an astrolabe. The rete normally features a projection of the ecliptic and pointers for prominent stars, and can be rotated over a chosen latitude plate. see article on the astrolabe.
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right ascension: angle parallel to the celestial equator, measured eastwards from the spring equinox.
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ring dial: simple form of altitude dial in the shape of a ring, for use in one latitude.
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rule (or ruler): an instrument of multifarious functions in the form of a straight rod of metal, wood or other material; a folding rule is an alternative form with two or more jointed legs.
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Saints' days: anniversary days for Christian saints.
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scaphe dial: sundial where the hour lines are marked on a concave hemisphere or part hemisphere.
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