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Preparing Medicines

Making medicines could be a highly skilled and laborious process. Some medicines took months to prepare. Others were little more than the drug in its raw state.

Apothecaries were often able to make hundreds of different medicines up in their shops from their stock of different ingredients. They used various instruments to do this, such as mortars and pestles and pill machines.
 

 
 
 


 
 
 
 
Medical Chemistry

Chemistry was an important part of medicine. Many drugs were distilled to produce essences or spirits which were thought to be more powerful than the raw ingredient.

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, chemical medicines became more popular, as the theories of Paracelsus and other critics of classical medicine influenced doctors and patients.